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Cheap Flights To The Lands Of Delicious Wine

Author: Pet

Have you ever heard somebody say that the best place for tasting Italian food is Italy? It used to be an axiom to say the same about wine and France. France is often said to be the most known and finest producer of wine in the world. So where else to get a real taste of French wine but in France? So get yourself in the mood for a delicious trip to the lands of this enchanting beverage.

We are going to introduce you the finest places with the finest wines worldwide. Check your favourite low cost airlines and get budget flights to France, USA, Italy and Australia, because that's where exactly we are heading right now!

France

The first place to visit is most definitely France. There are 4 champions according to Wine Spectators TOP 100 available in France: the 1st Clos des Papes: Châteauneuf-du-Pape 2005, the 3rd Le Vieux Donjon: Châteauneuf-du-Pape 2005, the 6th Château Léoville Las Cases: St.-Julien 2004 and the 10th Krug: Brut Champagne 1996. So book your cheap flight to Paris and get a taste of it yourself!

USA

There are two champions in the USA taking the 2nd and 9th place in top 10. The former one is Ridge: Chardonnay Santa Cruz 2005, the latter one is Robert Mondavi: Cabernet Sauvignon Napa Valley Reserve 2004. The sweet whispers of that far away land with white and scarlet droplets of these spectacular beverages is waiting for you. The only thing you have to do is to find your cheap flight to Rogue Valley in Oregon or to Santa Rosa, California.

Italy

The 4th and 7th position is taken by Italy. Its Antinori: Toscana Tignanello 2004 and Tenuta dell'Ornellaia: Bolgheri Superiore Ornellaia 2004 astounded the wine committee so these found their place in top 10 as well. So get your baggage and wineglass ready and check out on the latest airfare deals to Rome and Milan!

Australia

There are two delicious rivals in Aussie in top 10. Two Hands: Shiraz Barossa Valley Bella's Garden 2005 taking the 5th place and Mollydooker: Shiraz McLaren Vale Carnival of Love 2006 winning the 8th position. These two are closing our list of top 10, so make sure you don't miss these out! Check the newest airfare promotions and find some cheap flights to Sydney, Adelaide or Perth and let us know which one of top 10 you liked the best!

Cheers!

Article Source: http://www.articlesbase.com/travel-tips-articles/cheap-flights-to-the-lands-of-delicious-wine-1932168.html

About the Author

Petra Vaskovych is interested in travelling mainly in aviation and interesting destinations. Author is also interested in airfare deals and low cost airlines.

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Early Wine Research

Author: Sarah Martin

When the Agricultural Society recognized the need of serious research and supervision for the entire wine industry in 1861, Col. Haraszthy had already solved the problem that faced them. New varieties were needed with experimental, supervised planting in various sections of the State.

In 1861 Governor Downey appointed Col. Haraszthy to head a commission to go to Europe for the purchase of selected varieties to be planted in different parts of the State. He went abroad carrying letters from the Secretary of State, visiting principal vineyards and wineries in Spain, France, Germany, Italy, and Switzerland. With practical knowledge of soil and climate conditions at home in California, he selected the leading species of vines, had them tagged, bundled, and shipped to America. He spent $12,000 of his own money for 100,000 vines of 1,400 different varieties.

On his return he prepared an elaborate report of his trip, accounting in detail for all the monies expended, and described the methods of all the famous wineries he had visited. His book, "Grape Culture, Wines and Wine-Making," is a collector's item today. It reads as lightly and amusingly as a best-selling travelogue. However, when the report was presented to the California legislature for approval and personal reimbursement, it was wholly rejected!

Civil War was by then raging between the North and South. A five-man Senate Committee on Agriculture voted three to two not to accept the report, or the vines, or to pay the bill. The three nays were Northern Republicans who suspected the Colonel of Confederate leanings!

Col. Haraszthy held the vines for a year, hoping the legislature would reconsider his report. They refused again. Disgusted and disappointed, he returned from the State Capitol and looked at his priceless stock of vine cuttings. His desire to be of further service to the California wine industry came to an end. To realize something from his investment he offered the vines for sale. In lots of twenty, fifty, or one hundred they were distributed, indiscriminately, all over the State. Identifying tags, so carefully attached in each country, were lost, smudged, or ignored by the new owners.

This partisan stupidity of the legislature dealt the industry a crushing blow from which it has never fully recovered. The task of identifying grape species still goes on today; vintners sometimes quarrel with experts over certain types, such as Trebbiano. The finest species, which would have been accorded special care under the Colonel's supervision, were discarded by most vineyardists of that time because they gave a small yield. The precious blood of these grapes is only now becoming fully appreciated.

In the late sixties, after conveying his Sonoma vineyard to a cooperative association, Col. Haraszthy left California to begin a new life in Central America. Wines and vines had given him a thoroughly disappointing life, and with some degree of vindictive determination he turned to raising sugar cane on a large scale. After only a few months of this new life he missed his footing while crossing a tropical stream, fell into the swirling waters and was devoured by alligators.

Col Haraszthy's career was a personal tragedy of heroic proportions. Like the central figure in a noble drama of Aristotelian conception he perished because of his virtue. However, his spectacular career as an ardent wine enthusiast established the basis of the modern wine industry, particularly when it comes to Chardonnay. The vines he selected, even at random planting, raised the standard quality of California wine to such an extent that the industry enjoyed considerable expansion in the years immediately following.

Article Source: http://www.articlesbase.com/food-and-beverage-articles/early-wine-research-532744.html

About the Author
Sarah Martin is a freelance marketing writer based out of San Diego, CA. She specializes in fine wines, the history of vineyards, and interesting varietals, such as Trebbiano. For an incredible selection of fine wines, please visit http://www.wineaccess.com.Click Here for a fantastic selection of wine refrigerators

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Merlot's Fast Ride to Stardom

Author: Lindsay Alston

Merlot is a red wine grape that is used as a blending grape and for varietal wines. Merlot-based wines typically have average body with trace of berry, plum, and currant. Its softness and stoutness, combined with its earlier ripening, makes Merlot a model grape to blend with the sterner, later-ripening Cabernet Sauvignon. This suppleness has helped to make it one of the most popular red wine varietals in the United States and Chile.

The most basic recorded mention of Merlot was in the remarks of a local Bordeaux official who in 1784 labeled wine made from the grape in the Libournais region as one of the area's best. The name comes from the French provincial patois word Merlot, meaning young blackbird. By the 19th century it was being frequently planted in the Médoc on the Left Bank of the Gironde. It was originally confirmed in Italy around Venice under the synonym Bordò in 1855. The grape was launched into the Swiss, sometime in the 19th century and was recorded in the Swiss canton of Ticino between 1905 and 1910. “Researchers at University of California, Davis believe that the grape is an offspring of Cabernet Franc and is a sibling of Carménère.”

After a sequence of delays that consist of a severe frost in 1956 and several vintages in the 1960s lost to rot, French authorities in Bordeaux banned new plantings of Merlot vines between 1970 and 1975. Until 1993, the Chilean wine industry incorrectly sold a large quantity of wine made from the Carmenere grape as Merlot. In that year, genetic studies exposed that much of what had been grown as Merlot was actually Carmenere. The classification of Chilean Merlot is a catch-all to include wine that is made from a blend of random amounts of Merlot and Carmenere. With Merlot ripening 3 weeks earlier than Carmenere, these wines vary significantly in eminence depending on harvesting.

Merlot grapes are identified by their loose bunches of large berries. The color has less of a blue/black shade than Cabernet Sauvignon grapes and with a thinner skin; the grapes also have less tannins. In addition to a contrast against Cabernet, a Merlot grape tends to have higher sugar content and lower malic acid. Merlot prospers in cold soil, mostly ferrous clay. The vines have a tendency to bud early which gives it some hazard to cold frost and its thin skin increases its vulnerability to rot. It normally ripens up to two weeks earlier than Cabernet Sauvignon. Water stress is important to the vine with it thriving in well drained soil more so than at base of a slope.

Merlot was popular, but then took a dip because of the movie sideways. Throughout the film, Miles addresses dotingly of the red wine varietal Pinot Noir. Following the film's U.S. release in October 2004, Merlot sales dropped 2% while Pinot Noir sales increased 16% in the Western United States. A related trend transpired in British wine outlets. Sales of Merlot plummeted after the film's release most likely due to Miles' disapproving remarks about the varietal in the film.

Article Source: http://www.articlesbase.com/wines-and-spirits-articles/merlots-fast-ride-to-stardom-492600.html

About the Author

Lindsay Alston is a contributing editor for Classic Wines, specializing in Merlot wines.

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San Diego, Orange County & Palm Springs California Hotel, Restaurant & Bar Lawyer on the Risks of Serving Alcohol to Minors in Drinking Establishments

Author: R. Sebastian Gibson

Every hotel, restaurant, bar and nightclub in California is warned repeatedly how dangerous it is to their reputation, income, liability and their Alcohol Beverage and Control License if they serve alcohol to a minor. The knowledge of this danger has recently been enforced in the minds of hotel and restaurant owners in the Coachella Valley cities of La Quinta, Palm Springs, Palm Desert, Rancho Mirage, Indio, Coachella and Cathedral City.

 But the lesson learned in the Coachella Valley holds true also for restaurants and hotels in Anaheim, Long Beach, San Diego, Orange County, Santa Ana, Irvine, Huntington Beach, orange, Costa Mesa, Carlsbad, Santa Monica, Newport Beach, Buena Park, the Inland Empire area of Rancho Cucamonga, Riverside, and Temecula and up the coast to Ventura, Oxnard, Santa Barbara and San Luis Obispo as well.

 In August two restaurants in the Coachella Valley, one in Rancho Mirage and another in La Quinta had their liquor licenses suspended for 30 days after serving alcohol to minors. Both restaurants chose to shut down and use the time for remodeling.

 It's bad enough if the Alcohol and Beverage Control Board catches a restaurant serving alcohol to a minor, but what is unusual in these two cases is how the restaurants were caught and sad what happened to the minors.

 In the case of the Rancho Mirage restaurant, the minor died in a car accident. In the La Quinta incident, the minor jumped to his death from a pickup truck.

 It gets even worse. In the Rancho Mirage restaurant case, the minor was riding in a car with a friend who had also been drinking but who was not a minor. Both died when their vehicle hit a curb and rolled over. Both had been drinking at the restaurant. The older of the two had a blood alcohol reading of 0.23. The minor had a blood alcohol reading of 0.12. The legal limit in California is 0.08.

 In the La Quinta restaurant incident, the 19 year-old minor had dinner with his girlfriend, with the twenty-two year-old male driver of the vehicle, the driver's wife and their two year-old child.

 At some point, it was reported, the driver of the pickup truck struck his wife. The minor then threatened to jump from the vehicle if the driver continued to fight with his wife. The minor kept his promise while the truck was driving between 30 to 40 miles per hour.

 The La Quinta restaurant was also hit with a two year probation, which if violated, could lead to the revocation of their liquor license.

 This litany of events does not even consider what number of civil lawsuits may be filed as a result of these two incidents, the grief of the families of those who died, or the losses the two restaurants can expect to incur as a result of the inattention of their employees.

 When a restaurant or hotel serves an adult, in California there is generally no responsibility if that adult is later involved in a drunk driving accident. There are no actions taken by the California Department of Alcoholic Beverage Control. Not so when the restaurant or hotel serves alcohol to an intoxicated minor. Then all bets are off.

 If you have a food & wine, liquor, alcohol or hotel, restaurant, bar or nightclub legal issue in San Diego, Palm Springs, Orange County or anywhere in Southern California, we have the knowledge and resources to be your Newport Beach Hotel & Restaurant Lawyers, and Palm Desert Wine & Alcohol Attorneys. For this reason, be sure to hire a California law firm with hotel, restaurant, food & wine lawyers who can represent you from Palm Springs, San Luis Obispo, Laguna, Newport and Huntington Beach, Corona del Mar, Anaheim, Irvine, La Jolla, Santa Barbara, Temecula, Cambria, Paso Robles, Palm Desert, Yorba Linda, Carlsbad, San Diego, Costa Mesa, Westminster, and Murrieta, to Indian Wells and La Quinta.

 If you have an food and wine, alcohol, liquor or hotel, restaurant, bar or nightclub legal issue, and need to know your rights, call the Law Offices of R. Sebastian Gibson, or visit our website at http://www.sebastiangibsonlaw.com  and learn how we can assist you. You can also call us to speak directly to Sebastian Gibson on the phone about your legal matter.

Article Source: http://www.articlesbase.com/regulatory-compliance-articles/san-diego-orange-county-palm-springs-california-hotel-restaurant-bar-lawyer-on-the-risks-of-serving-alcohol-to-minors-in-drinking-establishments-611948.html

About the Author

The Sebastian Gibson Law Firm serves all of San Diego, Orange County, Palm Springs and Palm Desert, the Coastal Cities from La Jolla, Carlsbad and Del Mar to Laguna Beach, Newport Beach, Irvine, Santa Ana and up to Ventura, Oxnard, Santa Barbara and San Luis Obispo. We also serve the Inland Empire cities of Ontario, Rancho Cucamonga, Temecula, Riverside and San Bernardino and all the cities in the Coachella Valley and high desert, from La Quinta, Indio, and Coachella to Yucca Valley and Victorville.

Visit our website at http://www.sebastiangibsonlaw.com if you have a hotel & restaurant, bar or nightclub, food and drink, or wine and alcohol legal matter of any kind. We have the knowledge and resources to represent you as your Palm Springs Hotel & Restaurant Lawyer and Orange County Bar & Nightclub Attorney or your attorney in and around the cities of Palm Springs, Palm Desert, San Diego, Orange County, Corona del Mar, Newport Beach, Santa Ana, Laguna Beach, Anaheim, Riverside, Chula Vista, Irvine, San Bernardino, Huntington Beach, Fontana, Moreno Valley, Oceanside, La Jolla, Del Mar, San Marcos, Rancho Cucamonga, Ontario, Garden Grove, Palmdale, Long Beach, Corona, Yorba Linda, Escondido, Orange, Fullerton, Costa Mesa, Victorville, Carlsbad, Temecula, Murrieta, Mission Viejo, El Cajon, Vista, Westminster, Santa Monica, Malibu, Westwood, Hesperia, Buena Park, Indio, Coachella, Del Mar, Oxnard, Ventura, San Luis Obispo, Paso Robles, Cambria and Santa Barbara.

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I Love French Wine and Food - a Touraine (loire Valley) White

Author: Levi Reiss

If you are looking for fine French wine and food, why not consider the Loire Valley region of central France? You may find a bargain, and I hope that you'll enjoy yourself on this fact-filled wine education tour in which we review a white Sauvignon Blanc-Chardonnay from Touraine in the eastern part of the region.

Among France's eleven wine-growing regions the Loire Valley ranks third in total acreage devoted to vineyards. Given that France's longest river the Loire runs for 620 miles (one thousand kilometers) across the country, in many ways it could be thought of as a series of regions. Here they are running from west to east: Nantais whose primary grape is the white Muscadet, Anjou-Saumur whose primary grapes are the white Chenin Blanc and the red Cabernet Franc, Touraine whose primary white grapes are Chenin Blanc and Sauvignon Blanc and whose primary red grape is Cabernet Franc, and Central Vineyards whose primary white grape is Sauvignon Blanc and whose primary red grape is Pinot Noir. We intend to review at least one wine from each of these four areas.

Chambord is home to the largest of the Loire castles, built as a hunting lodge for Francois I early in the Sixteenth Century. Many people feel that Leonardo da Vinci was responsible for the original design. The statistics of this French Renaissance hunting lodge are stupendous. There are 440 rooms but sadly a mere 365 chimneys. How would you feel to be assigned to a room without a chimney? The wall surrounding the property is 20 miles (32 kilometers) long enclosing a thirteen thousand acre (fifty two square kilometer) forest. The story has it that the Emperor wanted to divert the Loire River to create a moat but wiser heads prevailed and he had to be satisfied with diverting the Cosson River. Whenever he visited it took twelve thousand horses to bring all his stuff; they had to transport all the furniture and all the food except for game. It was estimated that over the years he actually spent a grand total of seven weeks there. During the French Revolution the castle floors were sold for timber and the castle doors were burnt to keep people warm during the sales. This castle is now government property.

Before we review the Loire wine and imported cheeses purchased at a local wine store and a local Italian food store, here are a few suggestions of what to eat with indigenous wines when touring this beautiful region. Start with Rillettes (Coarse Pork Pate). For your second course savor Lapin au Vouvray (Rabbit with Onions, Shallots, and Vouvray Wine). And as dessert indulge yourself with Tarte aux Pommes a la Confiture de Chinon (Apple Pie with Chinon Wine Jam).

OUR WINE REVIEW POLICY All wines that we taste and review are purchased at the full retail price.

Wine Reviewed Cheverny Blanc V. V. (Terra Vitis) 2005 12.5% alcohol about $15

I don't know why but the usual marketing materials were unavailable. So I accessed the producer's web site that offered following blurb - translated from the French by Google. Cheverny Blanc Old women Vines resulting from the marriage of Sauvignon and Chardonnay is manually collected with maximum maturity in order to release from the very constant flavours and a powerful gustatory length; to be useful between 7 and 8 degrees accompanied by fish out of sauce, scallop, snails as. Whaaat?

Didn't anybody tell Google that V. V. (Vieilles Vignes) means old vines and not Old women Vines? Here is my rapid translation: Cheverny Blanc Old Vines (wine) comes from Sauvignon (Blanc) and Chardonnay (grapes) that were manually harvested at their full maturity to bring out their powerful aromas and long, powerful flavors. Serve between 7 and 8 degrees C (44 to 46 degrees F) with fish in sauce, scallops, or snails. Frankly, I would rather review wines than translate documents. And that's what I am doing next.

My first meal was whole-wheat spaghetti with a homemade tuna, red onion, garlic, and Greek Olive sauce that started with a commercial tomato spaghetti sauce. I doused on a lot of grated Parmesan cheese. The wine was light, refreshingly acidic, and somewhat sweet. It was lemony with a taste of honey. When I finished the glass after the meal I had the feeling that the wine improved.

The next meal consisted of a commercially prepared barbecued chicken breast, rice, and an eggplant side. The Cheverny started off between weak and light but later picked up some strength. Interestingly enough it was quite present when paired with the tomato-based grilled eggplant.

The final pairing involved an omelet with local Provolone cheese and Greek Olives. The wine was somewhat assertive but short. As I had a little left I paired it with a high-quality chocolate-coated ice cream bar. The wine was nice and sweet and a fairly good match, at least initially.

The first cheese pairing was with a mild Italian Pecorino Friulano cheese. They made a good couple; the wine showed a lot fruit and pleasant acidity and was rather long. The second cheese pairing was with a more forceful Dutch Edam cheese. The results were fairly similar but the wine was definitely flatter.

Final verdict. This wine is best with rather bland food and as such is overpriced. At a much lower price point it would be worth buying again. I really expect more at this price.

Article Source: http://www.articlesbase.com/home-and-family-articles/i-love-french-wine-and-food-a-touraine-loire-valley-white-350334.html

About the Author

Over the years Levi Reiss has authored or co-authored ten computer and Internet books, and yet he prefers fine Italian, German, or other wine, accompanied by the right foods and good company. He knows what dieting is, and is glad that for the time being he can eat and drink what he wants, in moderation. He loves teaching a variety of computer classes at an Ontario French-language community college. Visit his new wine, diet, health, and nutrition website www.wineinyourdiet.com and his Italian food website www.fooditalyfood.com.

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How to Make Red Wine

Author: Jerry Shannon

Among the many types of wine available, red wine is among the best. There are many types of red wine available, although most are made using the same methods. This very exhilarating type of wine is made from black grapes, drawing their color from the skins of the grapes. 

During the beginning stages of making red wine, the grapes that have been picked are put into a crusher. Here, the crusher will gently break the skins of the grapes. Depending on what type of wine is being made and the tannin that's required, the stalks will either be used or discarded at this point. Next, the grapes are put into a fermentation vat with the skins. This can be a long process, taking several weeks to complete. If a higher temperature is used, more tannin and color will be extracted from the grapes.

When making soft wines, the whole grapes are fermented using sealed vats. The carbon dioxide that becomes trapped in the sealed vats ferment the grapes under pressure, which is normally a quick process, taking only a few days. Keep in mind, the color and tannin content of the wine is based on how long the fermenting process takes. If the fermenting process takes a long time, the wine will generally hold more flavor and color.

The remaining bulk of the grapes will go through a press, being crushed to create a tannic wine. Sometimes, this tannic wine is added with a free run wine in order to add a bit more structure to the wine blend. Both the press and vat wine are then mixed and transferred to either tanks or barrels for a second fermentation. The second fermentation will take the longest, although it brings out the quality and taste from the wine.

All types of fine red wine will spend a minimum of a year in the barrels. Some types of red wine will spend a lot more time in the barrels, possibly several years. Red wine is also fine tuned with egg whites, which will suspend the yeast and other solids found in the wine downwards, before the wine is racked, filtered, and eventually bottled. Once the wine has been bottled, it is then shipped off and sold. Some wine however, will be stored for a period of time in the bottle before it is offered for sale.

The time a wine spends in the bottle is very important, although not every wine needs to spend a lot of time in the bottle. The more complex and more expensive types of red wine will benefit the most from aging in the bottle, to preserve flavor and color. The simple types of red wine however, don't need to spend much time at all in the bottle.

Article Source: http://www.articlesbase.com/food-and-beverage-articles/how-to-make-red-wine-711652.html

About the Author

Visit the Grape Facts website to learn about muscadine grapes and pruning grape vines.

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Issues And Trend Sin The Exhibitions Industry And In The Meetings Industry

Author: Carolyn Smith

Introduction

The exhibitions and meetings industries have become one of the most profit making and serious industries in the corporate world toady. This is indicated by the fact that profits are constantly growing in these two industries annually and many players have discovered the secrets behind the trade. These positive outcomes have been brought about by different reasons. For instance, transportation infrastructures in the US have encouraged convenience for a large number of people from other parts of the world and also within the US. Additionally, the country has numerous financial and business institutions that allow oversees players to conduct meetings and exhibitions within the US. (Walsh, 2007)

Furthermore, the country has a good record of trade exhibitions and meetings thus encouraging a high influx of consumers here. The good telecommunications network within the country also backs this. The country has so many venues for conducting exhibitions and meetings that some consumers are spoilt for choice. All in all, this has made the country very appealing to the public in terms of these two industries. However, there are certain threats and challenges encountered in both. The issues and trends in both industries shall be examined below

Trends and issues that both the exhibitions and meetings industries share

Both industries share the fact that their consumers may emanate from the local scene or they maybe international. The current trend in the industry is attracting as many international exhibitionists as possible as these kind of conferences give businesses the chance to expose their services to other consumers of the world that had not been reached previously. On top of that, such clientele bring in foreign exchange currency within the country. International conferences are particularly common place within the country especially for international organizations such as the UN. The latter apply to the meetings industry. On the other hand, the exhibition industry also host a wide range of international consumers. For instance, there may be organizations, groups or individuals who want to display their goods from a wide range of countries. The latter has been catapulted by rising use of information technology and the concept of globalization. Both the meetings and exhibitions industry have grown as a result of increased marketability caused by a highly informed public. (Baumol, William and Alan, 2006)

Both the exhibitions and meetings industry make significant contributions to the tourism industry. The current observation in that industry today is the fact that the number of conferences and exhibitions contributing towards the economy has significantly increased. The meetings industry usually makes direct contributions to this given the fact that most meetings usually host tourists and other foreign participants. A large number of countries in the meetings industries attend meetings for leisure alone. The exhibitions industry also contributes to the tourism industry indirectly. When exhibitions are international in nature, then participants may take some time off their exhibitions to tour around the respective city or town hosting that particular exhibition. This causes an increasing number of foreign exchange currency in the country.

Additionally, some exhibitions may be conducted for purposes linked directly to the tourism industry. For instance, if an exhibition displays the available hotels, restaurants and other hospitality facilities in the country, then chances are that it will promote the industry directly. It should also be noted that the revenue generated from exhibitions is much higher than revenue generated from direct tourism. This could be as a result of the high purchasing power that exhibition participants have. For instance, one might find that an ordinary tourist who attends meetings within the country can spend on average eight hundred dollars. On the other hand, a foreigner who enters the country for purposes of attending an exhibition will spend anywhere between three thousand to one thousand nine hundred dollars. Additionally, the number of days that exhibitors spend in the country have increased and superseded the number of days that meeting attendants such as tourist spend within the country. As of 2005, it was found that exhibitors spend an average of one week within the country while tourists and other types of visitors spent four days within the country. ( Joseph, 1999)

Both the exhibition and meetings industry have to tackle the problem of excess or fewer attendants. When an individual organizes a conference, they would usually prepare the amount of seating space on the basis of past experiences. But if those participants have never had another meeting before, then they would just have to depend on their instincts to predict potential turnout. Similarly, an exhibition organizer also needs to prepare floor space for potential attendees. Those organizers who have been conducting exhibitions for long periods of time also have to deal with the fact that not all the companies invited will attend. Usually, exhibitionists will have to analyze trends within the industry to come up with success rates. Again, this largely depend son the nature of industry that that exhibition falls and the reason why the exhibition was held in the first place.

There is a common trend between the two types of industries in terms of conducting mega events. The exhibition industry is now shifting towards larger events with higher numbers of attendants. Businesses that conduct mega events usually indicate to their competitors that they have greater resources and expertise to hold such events thus building a name for themselves. On top of that, mega exhibitions also attract greater returns to both the participants and the exhibition organizers since more floor space is required and more money has to be spent to coordinate the meeting. Similarly, the meetings industry is also moving towards such a trend because most of them have realized that there are greater profits for event holders is their meetings have large sizes.

Another trend that is common between both the meetings and exhibitions industry is the pursuance of a theme. Most exhibitions and meetings are now centered around a particular theme. For instance, one can find that a conference is about manufacturing technologies, consumer goods or something to that effect. Exhibitions are also organized around that specialty, for instance, one might find that a particular event is organized around the nature of a particular commodity such as computer items. The main advantage of operating under a theme is the fact that that one can target a specific audience. This means that Exhibitionists and conference/meeting holders will get a chance of attracting only those people who will purchase a certain product. The overall result of this is that groups become more clearly defined. (Mishkin, 1995)

Additionally, it gives businesses room to filter all the buyers who will not be interested in a particular commodity. However, there is risk in pursuing such a line of businesses because sometimes going after a certain themes may make a target group so small that they may not have the ability to be commercially viable. Additionally, experts have asserted that making event specialized on one theme is more dangerous than offering mega events. This is because mega events generate lots of traffic and attendants who may have come for one particular service or product may be attracted to another type of product. However, others have offered a solution towards this problem, they have claimed that it is possible to solve the problems by combining a range of themes that are related to one another. The following are examples of exhibitions that may be conducted all under on roof;

• Wines and Spirits in the US
• Bakeries in the US
• Service Technologies in the US
• Food Services in the US
• Hotels US
• Others

The issue of company specialization has also become quite common among both types of industries. The latter two industries have adopted this trend. In the meetings industries, suppliers realize that there is a lot of competition among players, therefore to cope with market saturation, companies have perfected meetings or conferences in certain service lines. This gives them an edge over their competitors and also boosts their business. The latter may also be said of the exhibitions industry. There are so many alternatives for those who would want go hold meetings. Therefore marketing oneself as an expert in a certain field would make one gain favor over others within the industry. (Walsh, 2007)

Both the meetings and exhibition industries have been characterized by joint ventures and strategic alliances. In this regard, both industries have been driven towards this trend because of the following features

• Technology proliferation
• Availability of equipment
• Industrialization

The tendency to move towards such kinds of alliances is because foreign firms have entered both into the exhibition and meetings industry. The latter two industries have moved towards this rend because both of them need to take advantage of the fact that there re rising cases of international participants.

The last trend between the two types of industries is the fact that some of them have started adopting the issue of co-location. Here, a meeting that was supposed to focus on painting and coating is placed in the same city as the coil and spring meeting. Also exhibitions are also doing the same by placing similar themes within these same location.

Trends and issues that are unique to either the exhibitions industry or meetings industry

The reason for participating in exhibitions and meetings are significantly different. Most suppliers may decide to exhibit their products and services in order to market them. It should be noted that exhibitions may not necessarily yield immediate results. However, they give suppliers a chance to publicize their businesses for future reference. On the other hand, meetings are usually conducted to arrive at some form of consensus. Most participants in meetings and conferences usually look for immediate solutions to their problems. If a company is trying to sell their ides to another, they usually expect that those meetings will yield positive and immediate results thereafter. ( Joseph, 1999)

The exhibition industry also differs adversely from the meetings industry due to the fact that in the exhibition industry, it is possible for one to study competitor's strengths, weaknesses and products. This is not possible in the meetings industry because most of the time, the people who participate in meetings are those ones who are on the same side. Therefore, on the spot analysis of what other players in the industry are offering cannot be carried out in meetings.

Another major difference between participants within exhibitions and those in the meetings industry is the fact that most participants in the meetings industry may not benefit the hospitality industry as much as those in the exhibitions industry. Participants in exhibitions are usually high-income individuals and most of them may come with their families in order to enjoy a short vacation thereafter. Consequently, ninety percent of the participants in exhibitions sleep, eat and generally conduct all their affairs in hotels. On the other hand, participants in meetings may not necessarily come from high-income families. This means that most of them may not sleep in well-to-do hotels and they may not contribute greatly towards that industry.

The exhibition industry differs from the meeting industry in terms of the lead times. This is the time it takes for an organizer to set up a meeting or exhibition after notification by the organizer. In meetings, lead times are quite short while in exhibitions usually take longer. The reason for these differences can be summarized as follows; Exhibition spaces are usually taken up during certain times of the year given the fact that there are peak seasons and off peak seasons. While the latter issue may exist in certain meetings areas, most meetings take place all year long. Consequently, Exhibitioners need to book spaces over a long period of time.( Joseph, 1999)

Another reason why long lead times are common in exhibitions but not in meetings is that exhibitions are usually held for marketing purposes. Since most companies allocate their marketing budgets at the beginning of the financial year, then lead times that are less than one year may disqualify many companies all at once. Generally, exhibitions require much more preparation than meetings for instance the following are required in these ventures

• Advertisements
• Publicity materials
• Campaigns
• Brochures and catalogues
• Notification of journals and newspapers

Before an exhibition can occur, an organizer needs to write down a list of all the potential participants within that exhibition. On top of that, organizers need to convince those participants why they should attend the exhibition and display their items there. This is normally done by checking out all the trade association websites and databases available in the internet. Thereafter, exhibition organizers need to prepare catalogues and brochures telling people about the particulars of this exhibition. Normally those brochures are sent internally or internationally depending on what the audience type is. But the current trend is the move towards international participants.

Consequently, if an exhibition is international, then event organizers need to fly out of the country and promote the activities of the exhibition directly to those individuals. Additionally, it would be necessary to place the exhibition in the newspapers and journals in the international journals there. Given all these activities, it would be necessary for potential exhibitors to be given ample time to understand messages placed in those journals and take the time to decide whether they will participate in them or not. On the other hand, meetings do not require such intricacies, if a meeting is to take place, then organizers need to notify the participants in a short time, advertisements and placements for conferences and other business meetings need not take so long as there will be little input form the participants. Meetings are the prerogative of the organizer and if he/she has all the necessary resources, then they can make all the necessary preparation on time. This means that potential consumers or participants just have to show up. (Mishkin, 1995)

The nature of risks faced in the exhibition industry today varies significantly from those faced in the meetings industry. For instance, the exhibitions industry has to dedicate a whooping twenty percent of their budget towards advertisements and promotions. On the other hand, meetings industries spend considerably less. Those meetings that involve local or members of on team require no advertisement. Additionally, conferences that  involve other different participants may require advertisements, but this does not take up so much because most lead times are shorter. Exhibitionists have to dedicate close to one year worth of advertising as they wait for their lead times to mature. (George, 1990)

The exhibition industry is different from the meetings industry because the exhibition industry is more prone to external factors than the meetings industry. Since exhibition organizers have to book venues for periods as long as one year, these long stretches leave a lot of room for problems to occur. For instance, the US economy has not been performing very well over the past years, consequently, any interest rates paid from cancellation fees in the exhibition industry must be much higher than those ones paid in the meeting industry. It is common to find that interest rates have risen to as high as 40% in the exhibition industry compared to the meetings industry. In the later industry, event organizers need not book meeting venues for long durations of time, consequently, they are less susceptible to uncertainties in the economy or any other external factors that are likely to leave long term effects.

In line with the latter argument, the exhibitions industry has to deal with high amounts of capital at the onset of the venture. This is sharp contrast to the meetings industry that requires considerably less amount of input or capital before an event occurs. While some proponents may see high capital as a disadvantage, it can also be regarded as an advantage. This is because it discourages new entrants into the field. Consequently, the exhibitions industry has less competition that the meetings industry and profit margins in the latter industry are much higher than in the meetings. In the meetings industry, very little is required for an event organizer as they only have to pay booking fees for their respective venue and may not necessarily have to invest so much revenue in advertisement. This has made the meetings industry particularly susceptible to numerous players. There is a lot of competition amongst stakeholders to demonstrate that they can conduct good meetings at any time. Additionally, this makes it difficult for stakeholders in that industry.

The exhibition industry is significantly different from the meetings industry because the risks associated with the exhibitions industry in terms of availability are much higher than those in the meetings industry. The exhibitions industry is very seasonal; therefore, those exhibition owners who may want to invite a certain range of consumers at any time of the year may no be able to do so freely. This is because the exhibition business is very seasonal. Certain times of the year may be overbooked thus requiring exhibition hall owners to turn away potential clients. On the other hand, there are other times of the year when business goes really low. At that time, businesses are usually looking for clients in nay way they possible yet they may not be available. On the other hand, the meetings industry is rarely susceptible to such kinds of problems. This is because most business, groups and individuals need to meet frequently regardless of the time of year. However, there is one category of players in the meetings industry that have to deal with such a problem. They are the ones that have to tackle seasonal fluctuations. During certain seasons of the year, it highly unlikely that certain individuals can take the time to conduct meetings with others on a social basis especially during winter. The hospitality industry is particularly susceptible here. (Baumol, William and Alan, 2006)

Conclusion

The exhibition and meetings industries are one of the most complementary and closely related industries in the US. This is the reason why the latter industries share more differences than similarities. Their similarities have been brought about by the effects of internationalization and technology while their differences have been brought about by the differences in the way business is conducted.

Reference:

George R (1990): Capitalism- A Treatise on Economics, Ottawa Jameson Books. Pg 55-

67

Baumol, William J and Alan S (2006):-Macroeconomics. Principles and Policy- Tenth

Edition.Thomson South-Western. Pg 56-78

Joseph T. (1999):-The Place of Mises's Human Action in the Development of Modern

Economic Thought. Quarterly Journal of Economic Thought V 2 pg 45-89

Walsh, C. E. (2007): Inflation. Retrieved from: http://research.stlouisfed.org/ ; accessed

on 21st August 2007

Mishkin, F.S. (1995): The Economics of Money, Banking, and Financial Markets, New

York, Harper Collins pg 56-76

Article Source: http://www.articlesbase.com/business-articles/issues-and-trend-sin-the-exhibitions-industry-and-in-the-meetings-industry-1919554.html

About the Author

Author is associated with SuperiorPapers.Us which is a global Research Papers and Term Papers Writing Company. If you would like help in Research Papers and Term Paper Help you can visit www.SuperiorPapers.Us

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Author: Ron Stanley

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